There are three main parts to the system the compressor, condenser, and evaporator that achieve this, plus a few other parts to keep the system running smoothly. How air conditioning works the essential ingredients in an air conditioning system are a fan to blow air around, a cold surface to cool and dehumidify the air, a warm surface and a source of water vapour. Passenger automobiles air conditioning refrigerating data book. The oil type can be identified by a tag located on the compressor body or in the service manual. An air conditioner works using a thermodynamic cycle called the refrigeration cycle. Any automotive air conditioning system employs four basic parts. Heating and airconditioning principles 3 212f 212f 212f 1 gram of vapor 540 calories 1 gram water 1 pound of vapor 970 btus 1 pound water heat heat figure the latent heat of vaporization that water vapor stores is released when the vapor condenses to a liquid.
Working on the 944 ac system is no different than working on any other automotive ac system. Hvac02, air conditioning troubleshooting and repair introduction since im constantly receiving questions on 944 air conditioning systems, i figured its time to come up with come helpful troubleshooting tips. Installation manuals classic auto air air conditioning. Always look up and use the correct oil for your system. Part ii, mohinder s bhatti, ashrae journal, september 1999 and section 50. How to retrofit air conditioning in cars to new refrigerant. Automotive airconditioning systems tech books yard. The most common causes of broken air conditioning are leaks or compressor issues.
The a weighting scale is used to better estimate how the human ear hears sound pressure. Automotive heating and air conditioning 8th edition. The amount of water vapor that can be removed from the air depends upon the air over the coils and the temperature of the coils. Many consider the compressor as the heart of the air conditioning system of the car. The course explains how theory is applied within the industry, gives complimentary preparation to practical training, and offers an insight. How automotive air conditioning works howstuffworks. The load calculation of automobile air conditioning system ijedr1401019 98international journal of engineering development and research. Troubleshooting tips for automotive air conditioning youtube.
Compressor rpm differences of between 0 and 6000 rpm can occur. There are a number of different methods available to heat the air exhaust heater,heat as a byproduct of combustion,electric heater etc. Fundamentals of air conditioning air conditioning technology 6 introduction gunt the purpose of air conditioning is to create a room climate comfortable for people. The text focuses on the generic theory that underlies the operation, diagnosis, and repair of the units and subassemblies found in the many makes and. Pdf automobile engineering books collection free download.
Air conditioners use refrigeration to chill indoor air, taking advantage of a remarkable physical law. Online automotive hvac training certificate penn foster. As the name suggests, it compresses the refrigerant so that it turns from a gaseous state into a liquid state. This pressure forces the liquid out of the compressor through the hoses in your ac hose assembly, which carry refrigerant through the system. Air conditioning clinic trgtrc018en american standard inc.
Air conditioner refrigerant circuits only vary in respect of how they. Handbook of heating, ventilation and air conditioning. The automotive airconditioning industry is greatly affected by this change. Open the hood and look to see if the ac compressor is running. Alternative technologies for automobile air conditioning core. In this handbook, for manual psychrometric calculations and analyses. The automotive air conditioning system is also works on the reverse brayton or rankine cycle. Brian cantor, patrick grant, colin johnson publisher. A car air conditioner adopts the vapor compression refrigerating system to carry out cooling. Pdf practical studies on car air conditioning systems. Air conditioners exploit this feature of phase conversion by forcing special chemical compounds to evaporate and condense over and over again in a closed system of coils. If a thermostat works with a jumper wire and does not work without the jumper the thermostat is bad.
In our online automotive hvac essentials certificate program, youll take hvac classes and learn automotive engine heating and cooling systems, airconditioning systems basics, rules, epa regulations, and safety practices for working with refrigerants, and how to troubleshoot techniques of automotive heating and airconditioning assemblies. By performing these functions, the air conditioner maintains the body comfort of the driver and front passenger. Automotive air conditioning training manual ariazone. Pdf the article presents an experimental demonstration stand that allows the study of phenomena that occur in a car airconditioned. Desiccantbased air conditioning systems replace part of the refrigeration by. If youve need to make a major repair to your car air conditioner such as installing a new evaporator, compressor or condenser, then you can easily update to new refrigerant at the same time. Theory of load calculation procedure used in heat balance method is represented. The first thing you should look for are signs of leaking or an ac compressor that does not engage. Self study program 208 air conditioner in the motor. The refrigerant aka coolant absorbs heat from inside of your home and then pumps it outside.
Having your car s air conditioning go out suddenly can ruin your day fast. The current automotive industry faces numerous challenges, including increased global competition, more stringent environmental and safety requirements, the need for. Procedure for retrofitting airconditioning from r12 freon ac 4a manifold set retrofitting airconditioning systems has been losing its popularity due to the decrease in automotive r12 systems on the road, but i still see motorists asking questions about the proper way of converting their old systems to r. If your air is blowing cool but not cold, the problem could be a clogged filter, cooling fan problem, radiator trouble, or it could simply be that you need to recharge your ac. Improve your classic with the latest technology and best designed climate control system on the market today click on your model below.
How an air conditioner works the refrigeration cycle. Machining operations usually generate an oil mist which is carried in the air and deposited everywhere. This handbook provides comprehensive technical in formation in a modular form to heating, venti lating, and air conditioning hvac designers and pr actitioners, namely engineers, architects, con tractors, and plant engineers. Fundamentals of automotive air conditioning download. Air conditioning has worked pretty much the same way for its entire existence. Ventilating, and airconditioning hvac controls starts with an understanding of the building and the use of the spaces to be conditioned and controlled.
This is an introduction to air conditioning systems frequently referred to as hvac systems heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems. Auto airconditioning, compressor, condenser, evaporator, txv, orifice tube, new refrigerants. These books are used by students of top universities, institutes and colleges. Although there is a separate branch of engineering known as automobile engineering, the paper is also studied in the branch of mechanical engineering, some part in aerospace. In a large system there will also be a tangle of tubes to distribute the air and collect it again.
Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of automotive air conditioning book now. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. To understand just how an air conditioning system works, we must first understand the nature of. However, the compressor output is dependent on engine rpm. If your car ran on freon r12 from the factory and you have the means to purchases it you can use r12 or freeze 12 to get maximum performance. Automotive air conditioning training manual 2 v equipment. But your air conditioner actually removes warm air and recirculates it as cool air. This air conditioning automotive online training course will expand your knowledge of air conditioning basics, fundamentals of automotive air conditioning maintenance and air conditioning split systems. Selfstudy programme 208 air conditioner in the motor vehicle. Most newer vehicles use r4a which is a relatively safe and easy to handle gas. Automotive heating and air conditioning, 2e has been updated to include the 2000 ase task list. Start your car and turn on the air conditioner to its maximum cool setting with the blower set to high 2. The conditions for describing comfort are standardised in accordance with din 1946 and din en 779. When a liquid converts to a gas in a process called phase conversion, it absorbs heat.
Self study program 208 air conditioner in the motor vehicle fundamentals pdf free online air conditioning systems have long ceased to be regarded as luxury equipment. A book in the haynes automotive repair manual series. Generally motor vehicles use heat from combustion which is transferred through water or. An air conditioner ac in a room or a car works by collecting hot air from a given space, processing it within itself with the help of a refrigerant and a bunch of coils and then releasing cool air into the same space where the hot air had originally been collected. First of all, there should be evaporation at the lowest temperature possible and use of a refrigerant having the property of easy liquefaction. The pressure of thef evaporator will control its temperature. An central air conditioning system includes both the cooling and heating of air and cleans the air as well as controls the moisture level.
It is intended for those engineers, architects and construction professionals who are only peripherally involved with hvac systems in their professional activities, but would like to learn more about. Troubleshooting tips for automotive air conditioning it never seems to fail, the hottest day of the summer and your automotive air conditioning system decides not. All of these and other miscellaneous heat sources, increase the air temperature within the vehicle. Once you are sure that the system can hold a vacuum for an hour you may proceed to filling the system with freon. For this reason, the relative humidity of the air entering the air conditioner has a definite bearing on the total cooling load. Lightweight, functional, and novel material authors.
Alternative technologies for automobile air conditioning. Design and cooling performances of an air conditioning. This affects evaporator filling as well as the cooling capacity of the air conditioner. A faulty automotive air conditioner can be one of the more difficult issues to diagnose and repair. It is also a handy re ference for students mastering the intricacies of the hvac rudiments. In a compressor control system the air conditioning computer or engine control computer automatically turns the compressor off and on by judging the passenger compartment room temperature, engine speed, and driving condition, via the use of sensors. Expansion valve it is a device used in car air conditioning system to expand the high pressure, low temperature liquid refrigerant sent by the condenser in order to release pressure of the refrigerant before sending it to evaporator for the further process. To be effective, the automotive air conditioner must control four 4 conditions within the vehicle interior. C onditions for a cooling device that cools properly include the following. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant, like freon, to provide cooling. If a thermostat works with a jumper wire and does not work without the jumper the thermostat is.
Procedure for retrofitting airconditioning from r12 freon. As like all air conditioning system the aim of automotive air conditioning is to control the temperature and humidity of the atmospheric air and circulate the same in the automobile. This edition also addresses current environmental protection agency epa. It does this by changing the pressure and state of the refrigerant to absorb or release heat. Your vehicles compressor, powered by the serpentine belt, compresses the refrigerant into a liquid, putting it into a highpressure state. Evaporative cooling is commonly used in noncritical applications where some amount of cooling is desired, but the expense of conventional airconditioning is deemed unwarranted. First of all, there should be evaporation at the lowest temperature possible and use of a refrigerant having the property of. Such applications might include factories, warehouses, or repair shops. Basics of air conditioning bayonet plumbing, heating, and ac. Retrofit with perfect fit air conditioning systems. Automotive heating and air conditioning, 8e provides a complete, stateoftheart source on automotive heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, as well as the practical skills that students must master to be successful in the industry. This gas is the lifeblood of your air conditioning and it is very important to notate here, that newer vehicles are very sensitive to the refrigerant level. Air conditioners have become a factor in active safety, and today can almost be considered as an integral part of a vehicles safety specification.
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